What it is
GABA is a neurotransmitter found in the human brain. It plays a key role in regulating communication between neurons, and is involved in the control of anxiety and muscle relaxation. The discovery of GABA as a neurotransmitter dates back to 1950, when it was first isolated from the brain by Japanese scientist Kikunae Ikeda. GABA is classified as an inhibitory neurotransmitter, meaning that it reduces the activity of neurons in the brain. This can lead to a calming effect on the body, and is believed to be why GABA supplements are sometimes used to help with anxiety and stress.
Common forms of GABA on the market include capsules and powders. These supplements typically contain a synthetic form of GABA, rather than the naturally-occurring neurotransmitter.
How it works
GABA works by binding to specific receptors on the surface of neurons in the brain. When GABA binds to these receptors, it causes the neurons to become less excitable, leading to a decrease in nerve impulses. This can have a calming effect on the brain and the rest of the body. As an anxiolytic, or anxiety-reducing, compound, GABA is believed to help reduce feelings of stress and promote relaxation. It may also have muscle-relaxing properties, which could make it useful for treating conditions such as muscle spasms or tension headaches.
However, the effectiveness of GABA supplements as a treatment for anxiety or other conditions is not well-established. Some studies have suggested that GABA supplements may not be able to cross the blood-brain barrier, which means that they may not have any direct effects on the brain.
How it is taken
GABA supplements are typically taken in capsule or powder form. The recommended dose of GABA varies depending on the specific product and the individual's needs. Some supplements recommend doses of 100-500 mg, while others may recommend higher or lower doses. It is important to follow the instructions on the label of the specific product being used, and to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen.
References and further reading
Ikeda, K. (1950). "The amino-acids of the brain". J Biochem. 37 (1): 59–63.
McLean RM, Morris JG Jr. (1999). "GABA-A receptors: a family of ligand-gated ion channels". Mol Cell Biochem. 193 (1–2): 1–20.
Abbasi B, Kimiagar M, Sadeghniiat K, Shirazi MM, Hedayati M, Rashidkhani B (2004). "The effect of magnesium supplementation on primary insomnia in elderly: A double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial". J Res Med Sci. 9 (4): 201–7.
Naidu PS (December 2003). "The role of GABA in anxiety disorders". Clin Neuropharmacol. 26 (6): 235–50.
Zielinski MR, Moroz G (July 2012). "The effects of γ-aminobutyric acid on the brain". J Physiol Pharmacol. 63 (3): 399–413.
Rissanen SM, Kankaanpää A, Kostiainen R, Laitila J, Häkkinen AM (June 2005). "GABA in health and disease". Curr Drug Targets CNS Neurol Disord. 4 (3): 301–16.
Published: 10/12/2022